Does the foreign key in sqlite store the whole value, or just the pointer to the actual value in other table?

Does the foreign key in sqlite store the whole value, or just the pointer
to the actual value in other table?

I have a table with thousands of records, each of them have a field
"Region", that can only have one of the 6 values - "North America", "South
America", "Asia", etc. Will the size of the DB decrease if I create a
separate table "Regions" and point original DB's region field to the new
table as a foreign key?